HRIDEEK KRISHNA (STM20ME009)
SARANG K (STM20ME017)
VISHNU K (STM20ME019)

This study explores the impact of tool geometry on the friction stir welding (fsw) process when applied
to AZ31B magnesium alloy. Fsw is a solid-state welding technique known for its adaptability in
joining diverse materials. The configuration of the tool, particularly the pin and shoulder design,
significantly affects the welding outcomes. The research focuses on analyzing various tool geometries
while maintaining constant welding parameters, such as rotational speed, traverse speed, and axial
force. The primary objectives are to evaluate the influence of these tool geometries on weld quality,
microstructure, and mechanical properties.The study reveals that tool geometry plays a crucial role in
shaping the fsw process. Different tool geometries affect heat generation, material flow, and the
resulting microstructure. Microscopic examinations, including optical and electron microscopy,
employed to scrutinize grain refinement, texture evolution, and defect formation within the weld zones.
Some tool geometries promote better material mixing and grain refinement, leading to improved
mechanical properties in the welds. The research findings can guide the selection of suitable tool
designs and welding parameters in industrial applications.