AKSHAYA P P (STM18CE005)
ATHIRA TV (STM18CE010)
DANISH ALI (STM18CE013)
RISHIL P (STM18CE023)

Fluoride removal is an important rationale for human beings and animals. The safe limit of
fluoride in drinking water is 1.0mg/L. The solution to the problem is removing the excess of
fluoride from water. There are a number of processes that are used for the de-fluoridation
purpose. Mostly applied technique is absorption either with the chemical, physical or
biological adsorbents. Among these commonly used treatment technologies applied for
fluoride removal, adsorption technique has been explored widely and offers a highly efficient
simple and low-cost process for fluoride removal from water.In our project, rice husk and
exhausted coffee grounds were used for fluoride removal which is inexpensive and gives a
good result in fluoride removal. The effect of pH, contact time, initial fluoride concentration
and adsorbent dose on the adsorption capacity and efficiency was studied. It is evident that
various adsorbents with high fluoride removal capacity have been developed. However, there
is still an urgent need to transfer the removal process to industrial scale. Regeneration studies
need to be performed in more extent to recover the adsorbent in field conditions, enhancing
the economic feasibility of the process.